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Populaire Trigonométrie >

tan(x)=2+tan^3(x)

Solution

tan (x) = 2 + tan^{3} (x)

Solution

x = - 0.98930 \dots + πn

Degrés

x = - 56.68315 \dots^{\circ} + 18 0^{\circ} n

étapes des solutions

tan (x) = 2 + tan^{3} (x)

Résoudre par substitution

tan (x) = 2 + tan^{3} (x)

Soit :

tan (x) = u

u = 2 + u^{3}

u = 2 + u^{3} : u \approx - 1.52137 \dots

u = 2 + u^{3}

Transposer les termes des côtés

2 + u^{3} = u

Déplacer

u

vers la gauche

2 + u^{3} = u

Soustraire

u

des deux côtés

2 + u^{3} - u = u - u

Simplifier

2 + u^{3} - u = 0

2 + u^{3} - u = 0

Ecrire sous la forme standard

a_{n} x^{n} + \dots + a_{1} x + a_{0} = 0

u^{3} - u + 2 = 0

Trouver une solution pour

u^{3} - u + 2 = 0

par la méthode de Newton-Raphson:

u \approx - 1.52137 \dots

u^{3} - u + 2 = 0

Définition de l'approximation de Newton-Raphson

f (u) = u^{3} - u + 2

Trouver

f^{^{'}} (u) : 3 u^{2} - 1

\frac{d}{d u} (u^{3} - u + 2)

Appliquer la règle de l'addition/soustraction:

(f \pm g)^{'} = f^{'} \pm g^{'}

= \frac{d}{d u} (u^{3}) - \frac{d u}{d u} + \frac{d}{d u} (2)

\frac{d}{d u} (u^{3}) = 3 u^{2}

\frac{d}{d u} (u^{3})

Appliquer la règle de la puissance:

\frac{d}{d x} (x^{a}) = a \cdot x^{a - 1}

= 3 u^{3 - 1}

Simplifier

= 3 u^{2}

\frac{d u}{d u} = 1

\frac{d u}{d u}

Appliquer la dérivée commune:

\frac{d u}{d u} = 1

= 1

\frac{d}{d u} (2) = 0

\frac{d}{d u} (2)

Dérivée d'une constante:

\frac{d}{d x} (a) = 0

= 0

= 3 u^{2} - 1 + 0

Simplifier

= 3 u^{2} - 1

Soit

u_{0} = - 1

Calculer

u_{n + 1}

jusqu'à

Δ u_{n + 1} < 0.000001

u_{1} = - 2 : Δ u_{1} = 1

f (u_{0}) = (- 1)^{3} - (- 1) + 2 = 2

f^{^{'}} (u_{0}) = 3 (- 1)^{2} - 1 = 2

u_{1} = - 2

Δ u_{1} = ∣ - 2 - (- 1) ∣ = 1

Δ u_{1} = 1

u_{2} = - 1.63636 \dots : Δ u_{2} = 0.36363 \dots

f (u_{1}) = (- 2)^{3} - (- 2) + 2 = - 4

f^{^{'}} (u_{1}) = 3 (- 2)^{2} - 1 = 11

u_{2} = - 1.63636 \dots

Δ u_{2} = ∣ - 1.63636 \dots - (- 2) ∣ = 0.36363 \dots

Δ u_{2} = 0.36363 \dots

u_{3} = - 1.53039 \dots : Δ u_{3} = 0.10597 \dots

f (u_{2}) = (- 1.63636 \dots)^{3} - (- 1.63636 \dots) + 2 = - 0.74530 \dots

f^{^{'}} (u_{2}) = 3 (- 1.63636 \dots)^{2} - 1 = 7.03305 \dots

u_{3} = - 1.53039 \dots

Δ u_{3} = ∣ - 1.53039 \dots - (- 1.63636 \dots) ∣ = 0.10597 \dots

Δ u_{3} = 0.10597 \dots

u_{4} = - 1.52144 \dots : Δ u_{4} = 0.00895 \dots

f (u_{3}) = (- 1.53039 \dots)^{3} - (- 1.53039 \dots) + 2 = - 0.05393 \dots

f^{^{'}} (u_{3}) = 3 (- 1.53039 \dots)^{2} - 1 = 6.02629 \dots

u_{4} = - 1.52144 \dots

Δ u_{4} = ∣ - 1.52144 \dots - (- 1.53039 \dots) ∣ = 0.00895 \dots

Δ u_{4} = 0.00895 \dots

u_{5} = - 1.52137 \dots : Δ u_{5} = 0.00006 \dots

f (u_{4}) = (- 1.52144 \dots)^{3} - (- 1.52144 \dots) + 2 = - 0.00036 \dots

f^{^{'}} (u_{4}) = 3 (- 1.52144 \dots)^{2} - 1 = 5.94435 \dots

u_{5} = - 1.52137 \dots

Δ u_{5} = ∣ - 1.52137 \dots - (- 1.52144 \dots) ∣ = 0.00006 \dots

Δ u_{5} = 0.00006 \dots

u_{6} = - 1.52137 \dots : Δ u_{6} = 2.92858 E - 9

f (u_{5}) = (- 1.52137 \dots)^{3} - (- 1.52137 \dots) + 2 = - 1.74069 E - 8

f^{^{'}} (u_{5}) = 3 (- 1.52137 \dots)^{2} - 1 = 5.94378 \dots

u_{6} = - 1.52137 \dots

Δ u_{6} = ∣ - 1.52137 \dots - (- 1.52137 \dots) ∣ = 2.92858 E - 9

Δ u_{6} = 2.92858 E - 9

u \approx - 1.52137 \dots

Appliquer une division longue:

\frac{u ^{3} - u + 2}{u + 1.52137 \dots} = u^{2} - 1.52137 \dots u + 1.31459 \dots

u^{2} - 1.52137 \dots u + 1.31459 \dots \approx 0

Trouver une solution pour

u^{2} - 1.52137 \dots u + 1.31459 \dots = 0

par la méthode de Newton-Raphson:

Aucune solution pour

u \in R

u^{2} - 1.52137 \dots u + 1.31459 \dots = 0

Définition de l'approximation de Newton-Raphson

f (u) = u^{2} - 1.52137 \dots u + 1.31459 \dots

Trouver

f^{^{'}} (u) : 2 u - 1.52137 \dots

\frac{d}{d u} (u^{2} - 1.52137 \dots u + 1.31459 \dots)

Appliquer la règle de l'addition/soustraction:

(f \pm g)^{'} = f^{'} \pm g^{'}

= \frac{d}{d u} (u^{2}) - \frac{d}{d u} (1.52137 \dots u) + \frac{d}{d u} (1.31459 \dots)

\frac{d}{d u} (u^{2}) = 2 u

\frac{d}{d u} (u^{2})

Appliquer la règle de la puissance:

\frac{d}{d x} (x^{a}) = a \cdot x^{a - 1}

= 2 u^{2 - 1}

Simplifier

= 2 u

\frac{d}{d u} (1.52137 \dots u) = 1.52137 \dots

\frac{d}{d u} (1.52137 \dots u)

Retirer la constante:

(a \cdot f)^{'} = a \cdot f^{'}

= 1.52137 \dots \frac{d u}{d u}

Appliquer la dérivée commune:

\frac{d u}{d u} = 1

= 1.52137 \dots \cdot 1

Simplifier

= 1.52137 \dots

\frac{d}{d u} (1.31459 \dots) = 0

\frac{d}{d u} (1.31459 \dots)

Dérivée d'une constante:

\frac{d}{d x} (a) = 0

= 0

= 2 u - 1.52137 \dots + 0

Simplifier

= 2 u - 1.52137 \dots

Soit

u_{0} = 1

Calculer

u_{n + 1}

jusqu'à

Δ u_{n + 1} < 0.000001

u_{1} = - 0.65729 \dots : Δ u_{1} = 1.65729 \dots

f (u_{0}) = 1^{2} - 1.52137 \dots \cdot 1 + 1.31459 \dots = 0.79321 \dots

f^{^{'}} (u_{0}) = 2 \cdot 1 - 1.52137 \dots = 0.47862 \dots

u_{1} = - 0.65729 \dots

Δ u_{1} = ∣ - 0.65729 \dots - 1 ∣ = 1.65729 \dots

Δ u_{1} = 1.65729 \dots

u_{2} = 0.31119 \dots : Δ u_{2} = 0.96849 \dots

f (u_{1}) = (- 0.65729 \dots)^{2} - 1.52137 \dots (- 0.65729 \dots) + 1.31459 \dots = 2.74663 \dots

f^{^{'}} (u_{1}) = 2 (- 0.65729 \dots) - 1.52137 \dots = - 2.83597 \dots

u_{2} = 0.31119 \dots

Δ u_{2} = ∣ 0.31119 \dots - (- 0.65729 \dots) ∣ = 0.96849 \dots

Δ u_{2} = 0.96849 \dots

u_{3} = 1.35459 \dots : Δ u_{3} = 1.04339 \dots

f (u_{2}) = 0.31119 \dots^{2} - 1.52137 \dots \cdot 0.31119 \dots + 1.31459 \dots = 0.93798 \dots

f^{^{'}} (u_{2}) = 2 \cdot 0.31119 \dots - 1.52137 \dots = - 0.89897 \dots

u_{3} = 1.35459 \dots

Δ u_{3} = ∣ 1.35459 \dots - 0.31119 \dots ∣ = 1.04339 \dots

Δ u_{3} = 1.04339 \dots

u_{4} = 0.43805 \dots : Δ u_{4} = 0.91653 \dots

f (u_{3}) = 1.35459 \dots^{2} - 1.52137 \dots \cdot 1.35459 \dots + 1.31459 \dots = 1.08866 \dots

f^{^{'}} (u_{3}) = 2 \cdot 1.35459 \dots - 1.52137 \dots = 1.18780 \dots

u_{4} = 0.43805 \dots

Δ u_{4} = ∣ 0.43805 \dots - 1.35459 \dots ∣ = 0.91653 \dots

Δ u_{4} = 0.91653 \dots

u_{5} = 1.73989 \dots : Δ u_{5} = 1.30184 \dots

f (u_{4}) = 0.43805 \dots^{2} - 1.52137 \dots \cdot 0.43805 \dots + 1.31459 \dots = 0.84004 \dots

f^{^{'}} (u_{4}) = 2 \cdot 0.43805 \dots - 1.52137 \dots = - 0.64527 \dots

u_{5} = 1.73989 \dots

Δ u_{5} = ∣ 1.73989 \dots - 0.43805 \dots ∣ = 1.30184 \dots

Δ u_{5} = 1.30184 \dots

u_{6} = 0.87450 \dots : Δ u_{6} = 0.86539 \dots

f (u_{5}) = 1.73989 \dots^{2} - 1.52137 \dots \cdot 1.73989 \dots + 1.31459 \dots = 1.69479 \dots

f^{^{'}} (u_{5}) = 2 \cdot 1.73989 \dots - 1.52137 \dots = 1.95841 \dots

u_{6} = 0.87450 \dots

Δ u_{6} = ∣ 0.87450 \dots - 1.73989 \dots ∣ = 0.86539 \dots

Δ u_{6} = 0.86539 \dots

u_{7} = - 2.41546 \dots : Δ u_{7} = 3.28996 \dots

f (u_{6}) = 0.87450 \dots^{2} - 1.52137 \dots \cdot 0.87450 \dots + 1.31459 \dots = 0.74890 \dots

f^{^{'}} (u_{6}) = 2 \cdot 0.87450 \dots - 1.52137 \dots = 0.22763 \dots

u_{7} = - 2.41546 \dots

Δ u_{7} = ∣ - 2.41546 \dots - 0.87450 \dots ∣ = 3.28996 \dots

Δ u_{7} = 3.28996 \dots

u_{8} = - 0.71153 \dots : Δ u_{8} = 1.70393 \dots

f (u_{7}) = (- 2.41546 \dots)^{2} - 1.52137 \dots (- 2.41546 \dots) + 1.31459 \dots = 10.82387 \dots

f^{^{'}} (u_{7}) = 2 (- 2.41546 \dots) - 1.52137 \dots = - 6.35230 \dots

u_{8} = - 0.71153 \dots

Δ u_{8} = ∣ - 0.71153 \dots - (- 2.41546 \dots) ∣ = 1.70393 \dots

Δ u_{8} = 1.70393 \dots

u_{9} = 0.27452 \dots : Δ u_{9} = 0.98605 \dots

f (u_{8}) = (- 0.71153 \dots)^{2} - 1.52137 \dots (- 0.71153 \dots) + 1.31459 \dots = 2.90337 \dots

f^{^{'}} (u_{8}) = 2 (- 0.71153 \dots) - 1.52137 \dots = - 2.94443 \dots

u_{9} = 0.27452 \dots

Δ u_{9} = ∣ 0.27452 \dots - (- 0.71153 \dots) ∣ = 0.98605 \dots

Δ u_{9} = 0.98605 \dots

u_{10} = 1.27449 \dots : Δ u_{10} = 0.99997 \dots

f (u_{9}) = 0.27452 \dots^{2} - 1.52137 \dots \cdot 0.27452 \dots + 1.31459 \dots = 0.97230 \dots

f^{^{'}} (u_{9}) = 2 \cdot 0.27452 \dots - 1.52137 \dots = - 0.97233 \dots

u_{10} = 1.27449 \dots

Δ u_{10} = ∣ 1.27449 \dots - 0.27452 \dots ∣ = 0.99997 \dots

Δ u_{10} = 0.99997 \dots

Impossible de trouver une solution

La solution est

u \approx - 1.52137 \dots

Remplacer

u = tan (x)

tan (x) \approx - 1.52137 \dots

tan (x) \approx - 1.52137 \dots

tan (x) = - 1.52137 \dots : x = arctan (- 1.52137 \dots) + πn

tan (x) = - 1.52137 \dots

Appliquer les propriétés trigonométriques inverses

tan (x) = - 1.52137 \dots

Solutions générales pour

tan (x) = - 1.52137 \dots

tan (x) = - a \Rightarrow x = arctan (- a) + πn

x = arctan (- 1.52137 \dots) + πn

x = arctan (- 1.52137 \dots) + πn

Combiner toutes les solutions

x = arctan (- 1.52137 \dots) + πn

Montrer les solutions sous la forme décimale

x = - 0.98930 \dots + πn

Graphe

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